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	<title>Comments on: Who is a Shaman?</title>
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	<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/</link>
	<description>A Guide to Mestizo Shamanism in the Upper Amazon</description>
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		<title>By: david</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-15715</link>
		<dc:creator>david</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 18 May 2011 18:51:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-15715</guid>
		<description>McKenna was a philosopher. He was actually an ethnopharmacologist who, despite what you claim, was actually very knowledgeable in the realms he spoke of when it came to using entheogens or plants as medicine. Of course we all like to speculate on the origin of life, language and society; McKenna was no exception. Of course nobody has any proof of the origins of language use. Of course nobody knows where the origin of life began. But it is all irrelevant. McKenna opened minds. McKenna was an inspiration for many, and he taught an entire generation how to use entheogens in a safe way through his lectures and writings. 

Your tone is accusatory and judgmental. If you want to convince people, it is a better method to try and come to understandings, not lay down broad judgments i.e. &quot;He was a profoundly confused and misleading individual and a false prophet. &quot; This is your opinion. Who is to say who is a legitimate prophet? Is there some test for this?  Who is to say our entire society isn&#039;t confused and mislead? And I don&#039;t believe McKenna called himself a prophet, ever. Before you attack a dead man&#039;s legacy you should be careful of the judgments you pass.

And please, stop trying to enforce your ownership of the word &quot;shaman.&quot; It is a word that was used by westerners to describe a whole swath of people who communicate with spirits for the good of the community (usually).</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>McKenna was a philosopher. He was actually an ethnopharmacologist who, despite what you claim, was actually very knowledgeable in the realms he spoke of when it came to using entheogens or plants as medicine. Of course we all like to speculate on the origin of life, language and society; McKenna was no exception. Of course nobody has any proof of the origins of language use. Of course nobody knows where the origin of life began. But it is all irrelevant. McKenna opened minds. McKenna was an inspiration for many, and he taught an entire generation how to use entheogens in a safe way through his lectures and writings. </p>
<p>Your tone is accusatory and judgmental. If you want to convince people, it is a better method to try and come to understandings, not lay down broad judgments i.e. &#8220;He was a profoundly confused and misleading individual and a false prophet. &#8221; This is your opinion. Who is to say who is a legitimate prophet? Is there some test for this?  Who is to say our entire society isn&#8217;t confused and mislead? And I don&#8217;t believe McKenna called himself a prophet, ever. Before you attack a dead man&#8217;s legacy you should be careful of the judgments you pass.</p>
<p>And please, stop trying to enforce your ownership of the word &#8220;shaman.&#8221; It is a word that was used by westerners to describe a whole swath of people who communicate with spirits for the good of the community (usually).</p>
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		<title>By: Dr Tathata</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-15216</link>
		<dc:creator>Dr Tathata</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 02 May 2011 17:46:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-15216</guid>
		<description>When you quote Terrance McKenna you quote someone who has no &#039;authority&#039; beyond his own made up opinions and ideas. He didn&#039;t know what he was talking about. He was a profoundly confused and misleading individual and a false prophet. So, don&#039;t quote a Bozo like McKenna to me--it makes me think you haven&#039;t got a clue and have never done your homework and are not to be taken seriously.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>When you quote Terrance McKenna you quote someone who has no &#8216;authority&#8217; beyond his own made up opinions and ideas. He didn&#8217;t know what he was talking about. He was a profoundly confused and misleading individual and a false prophet. So, don&#8217;t quote a Bozo like McKenna to me&#8211;it makes me think you haven&#8217;t got a clue and have never done your homework and are not to be taken seriously.</p>
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		<title>By: Dr Tathata</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-15215</link>
		<dc:creator>Dr Tathata</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 02 May 2011 17:42:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-15215</guid>
		<description>Look--whatever efforts you may make at escaping the banal and pursuing the sacred--it IS NOT and CANNOT be Shaman-ism. I lived with Maria Sabina and what she practiced was definitely NOT Shamanism. A Shaman is a role and a vocation for a person living in archaic times, with an entirely different cognitive model of reality--a reality that was sexualized and spiritualized. They had various jobs to do. The &#039;techniques of the sacred&#039; that were employed to preserve the psychic harmony of the community and retrieve lost souls were dependent on a view of intervening in a different sort of order of things that any modern person can realize. Look--you have a world view inherited from materialistic scientific concepts. You cannot simply throw it away. Without the archaic view of the Universe, Shaman-ism is meaningless. Say you are a psycho-naut. Say you are a seeker after the Holy--say you are a student of wisdom or even an advocate of natural healing--but don&#039;t call yourself a Shaman--it would be a lie. So--what was Maria Sabina, then? She was a Spiritual Healer, a Spiritual Savant, an Oracle, and a Psychopomp. But she was not a Shaman. She did not climb the cosmic tree. She chanted the name of the Catholic Saints, for Christ&#039;s sake. Catholicism was the foundation of her spiritual model. So, whatever you think you are doing exploring your soul with entheogens--call it something other than Shamanism--if you have any regard for the truth of the matter.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Look&#8211;whatever efforts you may make at escaping the banal and pursuing the sacred&#8211;it IS NOT and CANNOT be Shaman-ism. I lived with Maria Sabina and what she practiced was definitely NOT Shamanism. A Shaman is a role and a vocation for a person living in archaic times, with an entirely different cognitive model of reality&#8211;a reality that was sexualized and spiritualized. They had various jobs to do. The &#8216;techniques of the sacred&#8217; that were employed to preserve the psychic harmony of the community and retrieve lost souls were dependent on a view of intervening in a different sort of order of things that any modern person can realize. Look&#8211;you have a world view inherited from materialistic scientific concepts. You cannot simply throw it away. Without the archaic view of the Universe, Shaman-ism is meaningless. Say you are a psycho-naut. Say you are a seeker after the Holy&#8211;say you are a student of wisdom or even an advocate of natural healing&#8211;but don&#8217;t call yourself a Shaman&#8211;it would be a lie. So&#8211;what was Maria Sabina, then? She was a Spiritual Healer, a Spiritual Savant, an Oracle, and a Psychopomp. But she was not a Shaman. She did not climb the cosmic tree. She chanted the name of the Catholic Saints, for Christ&#8217;s sake. Catholicism was the foundation of her spiritual model. So, whatever you think you are doing exploring your soul with entheogens&#8211;call it something other than Shamanism&#8211;if you have any regard for the truth of the matter.</p>
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		<title>By: Bérangère Maïa Parizeau</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-6795</link>
		<dc:creator>Bérangère Maïa Parizeau</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Nov 2010 21:53:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-6795</guid>
		<description>The shaman is the archetype of all artists.

Here are some ideas from the book Nierika that I am about to publish...

“Visionary art is evidence of a world that does not yet fully exist; a world that we are calling into being through the very act of creating and participating in the work. This is not an art that will support the present system of environmental exploitation, social alienation and spiritual commodification. This art is not just painting--though it is that--not just poetry, nor just music, nor just something for a target audience to consume. This art is an integration of creative manifestation and daily life; of technical craft, spiritual practice and cultural experimentation. Visionary art is dissolving the boundaries between audience and performer, between work and play, between activism and prayer. In this way we are returning to the tribal, shamanic roots of art, tapping into an endless potential for healing, community and transformation.” Eve Bradford, synergenesis.org

Inspiration is a textured energetic field. It is coloured and transparent.  From the quantum void (the field of infinite possibilities) the essence of this fabric (the matrix of creativity) weaves itself into alchemical correspondence through the artist vessel and into the physical world as visionary work of art. The artist vessel is an empty recipient: feminine yin force. The muse fills the empty vessel with inspiration: masculine yang force. 

“The shaman transmutes the visions seen under states of trance through sacred art; these methods of communication are at the basis of the shamanic path.”  Terrence Mckenna, Foods of the Gods

Art is connected to life and to breath. The word inspiration communicates drawing air into the lungs and is related to the primal breath. Pneuma  from the ancient Greek word soul πνεῦμα, signifies breath, wind, spirit. The word etymology comes from the Greek etymon; true meaning, from ‘etymos’ true and logos, word. Inspiration is the blessing of transmitting a message and communicating through the sacred language of art.

“The term entheogen derives from a Greek word meaning “to realize the divine within” and was used by the ancient Greeks to describe states of poetry or prophetic inspiration. Greek knowledge is seeing. The word physis derives from the Greeks and means originally to see the essential nature of all things.”  Fritjof Capra, The Tao of Physics

http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/2073597992/chemical-theatre</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The shaman is the archetype of all artists.</p>
<p>Here are some ideas from the book Nierika that I am about to publish&#8230;</p>
<p>“Visionary art is evidence of a world that does not yet fully exist; a world that we are calling into being through the very act of creating and participating in the work. This is not an art that will support the present system of environmental exploitation, social alienation and spiritual commodification. This art is not just painting&#8211;though it is that&#8211;not just poetry, nor just music, nor just something for a target audience to consume. This art is an integration of creative manifestation and daily life; of technical craft, spiritual practice and cultural experimentation. Visionary art is dissolving the boundaries between audience and performer, between work and play, between activism and prayer. In this way we are returning to the tribal, shamanic roots of art, tapping into an endless potential for healing, community and transformation.” Eve Bradford, synergenesis.org</p>
<p>Inspiration is a textured energetic field. It is coloured and transparent.  From the quantum void (the field of infinite possibilities) the essence of this fabric (the matrix of creativity) weaves itself into alchemical correspondence through the artist vessel and into the physical world as visionary work of art. The artist vessel is an empty recipient: feminine yin force. The muse fills the empty vessel with inspiration: masculine yang force. </p>
<p>“The shaman transmutes the visions seen under states of trance through sacred art; these methods of communication are at the basis of the shamanic path.”  Terrence Mckenna, Foods of the Gods</p>
<p>Art is connected to life and to breath. The word inspiration communicates drawing air into the lungs and is related to the primal breath. Pneuma  from the ancient Greek word soul πνεῦμα, signifies breath, wind, spirit. The word etymology comes from the Greek etymon; true meaning, from ‘etymos’ true and logos, word. Inspiration is the blessing of transmitting a message and communicating through the sacred language of art.</p>
<p>“The term entheogen derives from a Greek word meaning “to realize the divine within” and was used by the ancient Greeks to describe states of poetry or prophetic inspiration. Greek knowledge is seeing. The word physis derives from the Greeks and means originally to see the essential nature of all things.”  Fritjof Capra, The Tao of Physics</p>
<p><a href="http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/2073597992/chemical-theatre" rel="nofollow">http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/2073597992/chemical-theatre</a></p>
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		<title>By: Steve Beyer</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-2215</link>
		<dc:creator>Steve Beyer</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Feb 2010 21:02:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-2215</guid>
		<description>I attempted a response to this comment over &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2008/01/how-old-is-shamanism/&quot; rel=&quot;nofollow&quot;&gt;here.&lt;/a&gt; Take a look and let me know what you think.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I attempted a response to this comment over <a href="http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2008/01/how-old-is-shamanism/" rel="nofollow">here.</a> Take a look and let me know what you think.</p>
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		<title>By: Oaktree</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-2214</link>
		<dc:creator>Oaktree</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 06 Feb 2010 19:39:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-2214</guid>
		<description>To your comment under &quot;Natufian Shaman&quot; about the “ongoing kerfuffle” regarding Upper Paleolithic art and shamanism – kerfuffle it is ;), but I would very much appreciate an answer to my questions regarding the “neuropsychological model” for altered states of consciousness proposed by Lewis-Williams et al. Derived from pre-1970 literature on ingestion of psychedelics (e.g. Heinrich Klüver and Ronald Siegel) as well as more recent laboratory experiments they developed a what they call an “idealized” form of three overlapping stages experienced in ASC – “entoptics” &gt; trying to make sense of these geometric forms &gt; passage into the third stage via a tunnel or vortex followed by iconic hallucinations. They speak of an “idealized form” because apparently not everybody necessarily experiences the different stages as outlined, but on the other hand the “idealized form” is fully applied to the Upper Paleolithic parietal art. Furthermore they state that “ a broad similarity between drug-induced and non-drug induced states can be accepted” and therefore they lump a great variety of ASC under the blanket of the neuropsychological model. However, the neuropsychologist Dr. Patricia Helvenston together with Paul Bahn claim that the “three stages of trance model” as they call it “is most consistent with hallucinations produced by the ingestion of mescaline, LSD, and psilocybin” and since none of these substances were available during the Franco-Cantabrian Upper Paleolithic that settles the Lewis- Williams et al hypothesis regarding art and shamanism. On the other hand the renowned British mycologist Roy Watling apparently states that Psilocybe semilanceata may well have been present in this area and at that particular time. Be as it may, unless evidence for the use of this mushroom can be found at cave art sites or at campsites this does not take us any further. 
To my knowledge neither L-W nor Helvenston or Bahn have ever used psychedelics (neither have I). I would, therefore, very much like to hear from you 
•	whether the three stages of the neuropsychological model are indeed only most consistent with the intake of mescaline, LSD, and psilocybin (what about the Coso – jimsonweed and the Tukano – yajé mentioned by L-W) or whether in your opinion the three stages could possibly also apply to ASC induced by vigorous dancing (San as per L-W), drumming, singing, fasting, etc., etc. all outlined by L-W. 
For example I cannot see any evidence for the model in Anisimov’s description of an Evenk shamanic performance.
•	Could geometric imaging occur in a variety of ASC even if the continuation does not agree with the model, e.g. a circle of light or a star floating past and combined with beautiful colors and or light may at times be seen in meditation, but I certainly would not apply the entire neuropsychological model to such a practice. 

There would be many more questions one could raise, but despite the fact that the hypothesis of  ‘Upper Paleolithic artist shamans’ is rather tenuous, it has had a tremendous impact – Lewis-Williams and Pearson have traveled with their neuropsychological model into the Neolithic, some scholars have started to use the magic word ‘shamanic’ for prehistoric rock art images or just geometric forms in different parts of the world.
Would love to hear your answers and thanks for your time.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To your comment under &#8220;Natufian Shaman&#8221; about the “ongoing kerfuffle” regarding Upper Paleolithic art and shamanism – kerfuffle it is ;), but I would very much appreciate an answer to my questions regarding the “neuropsychological model” for altered states of consciousness proposed by Lewis-Williams et al. Derived from pre-1970 literature on ingestion of psychedelics (e.g. Heinrich Klüver and Ronald Siegel) as well as more recent laboratory experiments they developed a what they call an “idealized” form of three overlapping stages experienced in ASC – “entoptics” &gt; trying to make sense of these geometric forms &gt; passage into the third stage via a tunnel or vortex followed by iconic hallucinations. They speak of an “idealized form” because apparently not everybody necessarily experiences the different stages as outlined, but on the other hand the “idealized form” is fully applied to the Upper Paleolithic parietal art. Furthermore they state that “ a broad similarity between drug-induced and non-drug induced states can be accepted” and therefore they lump a great variety of ASC under the blanket of the neuropsychological model. However, the neuropsychologist Dr. Patricia Helvenston together with Paul Bahn claim that the “three stages of trance model” as they call it “is most consistent with hallucinations produced by the ingestion of mescaline, LSD, and psilocybin” and since none of these substances were available during the Franco-Cantabrian Upper Paleolithic that settles the Lewis- Williams et al hypothesis regarding art and shamanism. On the other hand the renowned British mycologist Roy Watling apparently states that Psilocybe semilanceata may well have been present in this area and at that particular time. Be as it may, unless evidence for the use of this mushroom can be found at cave art sites or at campsites this does not take us any further.<br />
To my knowledge neither L-W nor Helvenston or Bahn have ever used psychedelics (neither have I). I would, therefore, very much like to hear from you<br />
•	whether the three stages of the neuropsychological model are indeed only most consistent with the intake of mescaline, LSD, and psilocybin (what about the Coso – jimsonweed and the Tukano – yajé mentioned by L-W) or whether in your opinion the three stages could possibly also apply to ASC induced by vigorous dancing (San as per L-W), drumming, singing, fasting, etc., etc. all outlined by L-W.<br />
For example I cannot see any evidence for the model in Anisimov’s description of an Evenk shamanic performance.<br />
•	Could geometric imaging occur in a variety of ASC even if the continuation does not agree with the model, e.g. a circle of light or a star floating past and combined with beautiful colors and or light may at times be seen in meditation, but I certainly would not apply the entire neuropsychological model to such a practice. </p>
<p>There would be many more questions one could raise, but despite the fact that the hypothesis of  ‘Upper Paleolithic artist shamans’ is rather tenuous, it has had a tremendous impact – Lewis-Williams and Pearson have traveled with their neuropsychological model into the Neolithic, some scholars have started to use the magic word ‘shamanic’ for prehistoric rock art images or just geometric forms in different parts of the world.<br />
Would love to hear your answers and thanks for your time.</p>
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		<title>By: Ken Mori</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-1468</link>
		<dc:creator>Ken Mori</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 16 Dec 2009 19:49:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-1468</guid>
		<description>Wonderful sight Steve!  And wonderful contributors!  Thank you all.  Caitanya&#039;s comment is beautiful, and reflects a truth for some (but not all) that deep interaction with the spirit world is facillitated with deep humility and little outward expression of &quot;Shamanism.&quot;  

What is a Shaman remains a fascinating question for some of us; for me, it is connected to my own questions about my relationship with spirits.  I am still early in a process of learning about the spirits that are drawn to come through me to help and heal.  And my relationship with &#039;dark&#039; spirits that feed like mosquitoes on strong emotions and pain.  I consider myself a family shaman (not speaking of it openly), working on the energetic present, past, and future of my spouse and children.  My limited energy is best focused close to home.  Yet even within this limited realm, I have found there to be spirit energy along ancestral lines that is much more than I can heal and acceptingly compost back into the smooth fabric of life supporting dream.  So I try to get out of the way and let the helping spirits do the work.  

All of the above is prelude to this perspective:    We are all shamanic beings (plants, animals, and all of creation included) whether we know it or not.  Every thought and interaction has spirit dimensions.  We are all living a remarkable shamanic adventure with daily initiations, quests, and heroic journeys.  Armed with humility, acceptance, and gratitude: Fare well Sisters and Brothers!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Wonderful sight Steve!  And wonderful contributors!  Thank you all.  Caitanya&#8217;s comment is beautiful, and reflects a truth for some (but not all) that deep interaction with the spirit world is facillitated with deep humility and little outward expression of &#8220;Shamanism.&#8221;  </p>
<p>What is a Shaman remains a fascinating question for some of us; for me, it is connected to my own questions about my relationship with spirits.  I am still early in a process of learning about the spirits that are drawn to come through me to help and heal.  And my relationship with &#8216;dark&#8217; spirits that feed like mosquitoes on strong emotions and pain.  I consider myself a family shaman (not speaking of it openly), working on the energetic present, past, and future of my spouse and children.  My limited energy is best focused close to home.  Yet even within this limited realm, I have found there to be spirit energy along ancestral lines that is much more than I can heal and acceptingly compost back into the smooth fabric of life supporting dream.  So I try to get out of the way and let the helping spirits do the work.  </p>
<p>All of the above is prelude to this perspective:    We are all shamanic beings (plants, animals, and all of creation included) whether we know it or not.  Every thought and interaction has spirit dimensions.  We are all living a remarkable shamanic adventure with daily initiations, quests, and heroic journeys.  Armed with humility, acceptance, and gratitude: Fare well Sisters and Brothers!</p>
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		<title>By: Caitanya</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-491</link>
		<dc:creator>Caitanya</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Aug 2009 18:32:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-491</guid>
		<description>&quot;The shaman has a special relationship with the spirits, different from that of people who are not shamans&quot;.

Some people have these complex relationships and are not concerned with being considered shamans by themselves or others. One such is a Grandmother in the Santo Daime tradition who brought the Umbanda rituals, beliefs and influence forward into the syncretic SD mix. As a little girl a powerful shaman had a profound influence on her, and while she is now an elder, or a Madrinha in the SD church, she doesn&#039;t present herself as a shaman. She incorporates many different beings from the spirit realms during large ceremonies where healing is administered to others, calls into the ceremonial works the Umbanda spirits from that tradition, Saints from the Catholic tradition and spirits of the Amazon forest where she lives. There is absolutely no question when your working with her that she is masterful and competent in her relationships to the spirit world. She would qualify in any category Steve has listed above and yet isn&#039;t interested at all in the question of what she is, but only concerns herself with individual, personal, community and Global healing.

http://www.grandmotherscouncil.com/about.html#maria_alice

Although the element of collective shamanism is often used to refer to those doing works in the SD tradition, that doesn&#039;t make everyone involved a shaman, but it is also very possible that together they are performing as an individual shaman might, affecting many of the same outcomes as a shaman would, and using many of the same methods, only doing so together and as a group. It&#039;s collective shamanism, and it&#039;s shamanism of a new kind, and it has many elders within it who would easily qualify as a shaman should they choose that function and relationship to their community as an individual. In my experience with them the room is not full of shamans, but instead can, at times, and even without an elder present, affect clear shamanic outcomes for the benefit of those present.

I don&#039;t think we need to soften the definition of a shaman in any way to encompass shamanic style relationships with spirits. I don&#039;t think simply applying shamanic techniques to a situation classifies that person as a shaman and yet that all those applications may have very beneficial outcomes. I don&#039;t think that having classic types of shamanic experiences signifies one as a shaman either. I think those experiences come with the territory when practicing indigenous animist spirituality and that the spirits interact in similarly archetypal and informative ways.

One important element I didn&#039;t see mentioned above in the list is initiation, both by an existing shaman as he or she passes the mantle to the next generation and everything involved in that transfer, and also the all important initiation undertaken by the spirits themselves on the one becoming a shaman. With both it is only undertaken after much training has taken place and the elder, or spirits, or both together decide it is time. When the gift of a lineage is bestowed in this way then you have a shaman with all the attendant responsibilities to his or her community, and one with a conscious relationship to the guiding and helping spirits who will dictate how that relationship should be carried out.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&#8220;The shaman has a special relationship with the spirits, different from that of people who are not shamans&#8221;.</p>
<p>Some people have these complex relationships and are not concerned with being considered shamans by themselves or others. One such is a Grandmother in the Santo Daime tradition who brought the Umbanda rituals, beliefs and influence forward into the syncretic SD mix. As a little girl a powerful shaman had a profound influence on her, and while she is now an elder, or a Madrinha in the SD church, she doesn&#8217;t present herself as a shaman. She incorporates many different beings from the spirit realms during large ceremonies where healing is administered to others, calls into the ceremonial works the Umbanda spirits from that tradition, Saints from the Catholic tradition and spirits of the Amazon forest where she lives. There is absolutely no question when your working with her that she is masterful and competent in her relationships to the spirit world. She would qualify in any category Steve has listed above and yet isn&#8217;t interested at all in the question of what she is, but only concerns herself with individual, personal, community and Global healing.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.grandmotherscouncil.com/about.html#maria_alice" rel="nofollow">http://www.grandmotherscouncil.com/about.html#maria_alice</a></p>
<p>Although the element of collective shamanism is often used to refer to those doing works in the SD tradition, that doesn&#8217;t make everyone involved a shaman, but it is also very possible that together they are performing as an individual shaman might, affecting many of the same outcomes as a shaman would, and using many of the same methods, only doing so together and as a group. It&#8217;s collective shamanism, and it&#8217;s shamanism of a new kind, and it has many elders within it who would easily qualify as a shaman should they choose that function and relationship to their community as an individual. In my experience with them the room is not full of shamans, but instead can, at times, and even without an elder present, affect clear shamanic outcomes for the benefit of those present.</p>
<p>I don&#8217;t think we need to soften the definition of a shaman in any way to encompass shamanic style relationships with spirits. I don&#8217;t think simply applying shamanic techniques to a situation classifies that person as a shaman and yet that all those applications may have very beneficial outcomes. I don&#8217;t think that having classic types of shamanic experiences signifies one as a shaman either. I think those experiences come with the territory when practicing indigenous animist spirituality and that the spirits interact in similarly archetypal and informative ways.</p>
<p>One important element I didn&#8217;t see mentioned above in the list is initiation, both by an existing shaman as he or she passes the mantle to the next generation and everything involved in that transfer, and also the all important initiation undertaken by the spirits themselves on the one becoming a shaman. With both it is only undertaken after much training has taken place and the elder, or spirits, or both together decide it is time. When the gift of a lineage is bestowed in this way then you have a shaman with all the attendant responsibilities to his or her community, and one with a conscious relationship to the guiding and helping spirits who will dictate how that relationship should be carried out.</p>
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		<title>By: Rianne</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-486</link>
		<dc:creator>Rianne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Jul 2009 22:54:17 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-486</guid>
		<description>To think we live in a society where people are afraid of psychedelic substances, shamans are badly needed to bring out the knowledge they learn from their experiences to other people who are afraid to find out for theirselves, to show them what&#039;s going on.. So maybe finally there will be somekind of change, in which people and nature are not completely alienated from each other anymore.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To think we live in a society where people are afraid of psychedelic substances, shamans are badly needed to bring out the knowledge they learn from their experiences to other people who are afraid to find out for theirselves, to show them what&#8217;s going on.. So maybe finally there will be somekind of change, in which people and nature are not completely alienated from each other anymore.</p>
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	<item>
		<title>By: Rianne</title>
		<link>http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-shaman/comment-page-1/#comment-485</link>
		<dc:creator>Rianne</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 29 Jul 2009 22:48:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.singingtotheplants.com/2007/12/who-is-a-shaman/#comment-485</guid>
		<description>I think being a shaman in this time of day is more about standing in direct contact with the planet(which you can indeed see as a spirit), respect and love all life on it, cause simply everything is alive, and seeing the greater vision behind it all instead of just the personal human view,  using that to open other people&#039;s eyes so maybe we can all together bring everything back into balance..</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think being a shaman in this time of day is more about standing in direct contact with the planet(which you can indeed see as a spirit), respect and love all life on it, cause simply everything is alive, and seeing the greater vision behind it all instead of just the personal human view,  using that to open other people&#8217;s eyes so maybe we can all together bring everything back into balance..</p>
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